Skip to content
SmartCalculate

Roofing Calculator

Estimate roof area, roofing squares, and the number of shingle bundles needed from the building footprint and roof pitch.

Roofing CalculatorLive

Vertical rise in inches for every 12 inches of horizontal run.

How it works

Roof area formula

Footprint = Length × Width
Pitch multiplier = √(rise² + 12²) / 12
Roof area = Footprint × Pitch multiplier
Squares = Roof area ÷ 100

A sloped roof covers more surface than the building footprint beneath it. The pitch multiplier converts the flat footprint into the true sloped area: a 6:12 roof is about 1.118× its footprint. Roofers measure in 'squares' of 100 square feet, and asphalt shingles usually come three bundles to a square.

Worked example

A 40 ft × 30 ft house (1,200 ft² footprint) with a 6:12 pitch has a roof area of about 1,342 ft². With 10% waste that's 1,476 ft² ≈ 14.8 squares, or about 45 shingle bundles.

Frequently asked questions

What is a roofing square?

A square is 100 square feet of roof area — the standard unit roofers use to quote materials and labor. A 2,000 ft² roof is 20 squares.

How does roof pitch affect the amount of material?

Steeper roofs have more surface area for the same footprint. A flat roof equals its footprint, a 6:12 pitch is about 12% more, and a 12:12 (45°) pitch is about 41% more.

How much waste should I add?

10% is typical for a straightforward gable roof. Add 15% or more for roofs with many hips, valleys, or cut-up shapes where more shingles are trimmed and discarded.